What are the principle instruments that can be used to make a chief executive “strong”?

Answer three questions for a Public Administration class. Answer Public admiration very thoroughly. Us the Teachers outline, PowerPoints, and Syllabus. The three-question for Public Administration: Here are three essay questions that were covered in the POLS 5010 Public Administration class:

1) What are the principle instruments that can be used to make a chief executive “strong”? Even if all these instruments are available to an individual chief executive, are there any constraints on their leadership and power? Support your position with discussion.
2) Do public sector managers have to participate in the policy making process? Why? How? Should managers just implement policies made by elected officials or should they be involved in policy-making itself? What kinds of skills and resources do they need to develop? Include the strengths and weaknesses of the theoretical and/or historical perspectives.
3) Compare the role played by each of the following in keeping public administration accountable to the public and to elected officials: a) freedom of information laws, b) sunshine laws, and 3) sunset laws. Be sure to address the impact on both the public and on elected officials.